The Influence of Take and Give Learning Model on Students Learning Outcomes in Subhteme 2 The Importance of Clean Air for Health in Grade V UPTD SDN Pematang Siantar

ABSTRACT

requires students to actively collaborate with their partners in the learning process.With the Take and Give model, students will be more motivated because students will play a direct role in conveying and receiving material from their friends.
Using the Take and Give learning model will also be able to overcome learning problems because it will require students to play a more active role in the learning process so that the learning atmosphere will be more enjoyable and being able to make the learning atmosphere active is one way of implementing the Take and Give learning model.Applying the Take and Give learning model can help teachers improve student learning outcomes, apart from that, learning is no longer limited because using this model is expected to influence student learning outcomes and make students much more active when studying.Based on the explanation above, the Take and Give learning model is a learning method that is supported by the presentation of data which begins with giving cards to students which contain material that must be memorized or mastered by each student, then looking for a partner to exchange the knowledge they have.according to the material on the card, then the learning activity ends by evaluating the students by asking for information received from their partner.Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested in using the Take and Give learning model on the learning outcomes of class V students in theme 2 clean air for health, subtheme 2 the importance of clean air for health at UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School.
Problem solving using the Take and Give learning model, especially in lesson theme 2 clean air for health, subtheme 2 the importance of clean air for health using a learning model that is considered effective in achieving learning objectives.
To reduce the difficulties experienced by students in learning, observations were carried out, so researchers were encouraged to conduct research with the title: "The Influence of the Take and Give Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Theme 2 Clean Air for Health.Sub-theme 2 The Importance of Clean Air for Health in Class V UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Public Elementary School"

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The conceptual framework is a flow of relationships between one concept and other concepts to provide an overview of the variables to be studied.A conceptual framework is useful for connecting a topic to be discussed.Based on observations that the author has made in class V at UPTD SD Negeri Perpilotan Pematang Siantar, the problem was found that student learning outcomes in learning theme 2 clean air for health, sub-theme 2 the importance of clean air for health is still low, the reason is that the learning process is still teacher-centered.so that students are less involved in the learning process and students do not want to ask questions when the material explained by the teacher is not understood.
To achieve student learning outcomes, the author first gives a pretest to students before learning begins in class V in the form of multiple choice questions to determine students' initial abilities.Next, the author implemented the Take and Give learning model in this class.The learning steps are, the teacher prepares Take and Give cards, the teacher conveys the main material to be studied, after finishing reading the material the students close their books, the teacher gives cards to the students and the students look for their partners and exchange information about each other.material, the teacher provides conclusions, evaluation and closing.Next, the author gave a posttest to students after treatment with the same questions to determine the effect of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes.

METHOD
The type of research used in this research is experimental research because this research aims to determine the effect of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes.The type of research used in this research is quantitative research.Because the data collected is in the form of numbers and the research methods used to research the population or sample in this research, data collection uses research instruments, data analysis is quantitative/statistical in nature with the aim of testing the hypotheses that have been established.(Sugiyono 2018:16).
The experimental research used in this research is Pre-Experiment/form of One Group Pretest-Posttest Design.Where this design has a pretest before being given treatment.So that in this research the results of the treatment can be known more accurately because they can be compared with the situation before being given treatment which is described as follows: The population in the research were all students at the UPTD of the Pematang Siantar pilot elementary school , and the samples taken by class V students amounted to 2 6 students.This research uses a test instrument in the form of multiple choices with the aim of measuring learning outcomes.Before it is used for data collection, the data testing stage uses validity testing, reliability testing, difficulty level testing, and differentiating data testing.In data analysis, the Normality test, Homogeneity test, and Hypothesis test are used.

Results
The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes in thematic learning, specifically theme 2 clean air for health in subtheme 2 the importance of clean air for health in V.
Below, data will be presented before and after the research.The data before conducting the research is the question instrument test data, where the tests carried out first are the validity test, reliability test, differential power test and test of the difficulty level of the questions.After the data is valid and reliable, the questions that have been tested on the instrument are suitable for use as tests in research schools.After the questions have been tested and carried out, the data that will be presented after that is descriptive pretest and posttest data, flat pretest-posttest scores, analysis prerequisite tests where the test What was carried out was the data normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test, namely uj-t.

TEST INSTRUMENT 1. TEST THE VALIDITY OF THE QUESTION
30 questions after the instrument test was carried out at SD Negeri 091626 Bandar Baru, there were 20 valid questions and 10 invalid questions, so that the questions distributed had a total of 20 valid statements.Valid questions can be used for the next test.

RELIABILITY TEST
The value of the reliability test results can be seen that r calculated > r table, namely 0.77 > 0.39 so that the questions are declared reliable and included in the high category.

TEST THE LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY
Analysis , which is used to examine test questions and their difficulty.The level of difficulty was obtained with the help of Microsoft Excel 2010 with a level of difficulty of 0.00 < P < 0.30 difficult; 0.30 < P < 0.70 moderate; 0.70 < P < 1.00 easy So you can get which questions are in the difficult, medium and easy categories.

TEST THE DIFFERENTIAL POWER OF THE QUESTION
Shows that of the 30 questions there are 12 questions with sufficient criteria and 17 questions with good criteria.

NORMALITY TEST
The Normality Test is carried out to determine whether the Pretest and Posttest data from the sample is normally distributed or not.The results of the Normality test use the Kolmogrov-Smirmov method in the SPSS Version 26 program.The basis for decision making is that if the significance level is >0.05, then the student data values are normally distributed and if on the contrary the significance level is <0.05 then the student data values are not normal, the data obtained are as follows: Table 1  Based on table 4.9 above in the One Sample Shapiro-Wilk Test Output, it can be seen that for 26 students the significant pretest score was 0.40 > 0.05, meaning the pretest data was normal.And the significant posttest value is 0.74 > 0.05, which means the posttest data is normal.

HOMOGENEITY TEST
The Homogeneity Test is used to determine whether several data population variants are the same or not.The test was carried out with the help of SPSS version 26 For Windows .With the criteria, testing if the significance value is > 0.05 then it can be said that the variance of the two data is the same.The following homogeneity test results can be seen in the following table.Based on the results of the homogeneity test above, it can be seen that the significance value for the Homogeneity test is 0.736.The significance criterion is > 0.05, so it can be concluded that the pretest and posttest scores have the same homogeneous variance.

HYPOTHESIS TEST
Hypothesis testing was carried out to determine the positive and significant influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes in subtheme 2, the importance of clean air for health in class V, which can be seen from the following table: Based on the table above, the significant value (2-tailed) < 0.05, namely 0.000 < 0.05, tcount > ttable = 15.256> 0.05, then H_(0) is rejected and H_a is accepted.So it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes in subtheme 2 the importance of clean air for health in class V UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School.

Discussion
This research was carried out in class V UPTD of SD Negeri Perpilotan Pematang Siantar for the 2023/2024 academic year from 14 October -24 October 2023.The population used was all students of class V UPTD of SD Negeri Pilot Pematang Siantar with a sample of class V students of 26 students.
In this section, the results found in the research that have been carried out will be described.The intended results are conclusions drawn based on the data collected and data analysis that has been carried out.This research aims to determine the influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes in Subtheme 2. Before carrying out the research, the research first carried out instrument trials at the same level with different schools, namely at SD Negeri 091626 Bandar Baru, Dagang .The trial was carried out in order to determine the number of questions out of 30 questions that would be tested in multiple choice form and find 20 valid questions.
Based on the Pretest results, the average student learning outcome score was 50.58 with all students scoring below the KKM.Looking at the existing percentages, it can be said that the level of student learning outcomes before using the Take and Give Model was relatively low.Furthermore, the average value of the Posttest results is 82.88.So after using the Take and Give learning model, students had better learning outcomes than before using the Take and Give learning model.After carrying out the Pretest and Posttest Normality test, then a Homogeneity test was carried out.Based on the Homogeneity test, a significant value of 0.736 was obtained.Based on predetermined criteria, if the sig value is> 0.05, the data is said to have homogeneous variation.In this case it can be seen that 0.736 > 0.05.So it can be concluded that the data has the same characteristics or is homogeneous.
After the Normality test and Homogeneity test have been fulfilled, proceed to the Hypothesis test.From the student test results, it was calculated that it was 15.256 and the t table was 1.725.Thus, tcount > ttable = 15.256> 1.725, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which indicates that there is an influence of the Take and Give learning model on the learning outcomes of class V UPTD students at Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School for the 2023/2024 academic year.
From the research above, it can be concluded that there has been a significant increase in student learning outcomes by 34% in sub theme 2 the importance of clean air for health in class V UPTD of Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School using the Take and Give learning model.This research is supported by previous researchers who carried out by Yusransal et al `(2001), Bela Putri Amelia (2022) and Elsawati et al (2022).Based on previous researchers using the same model, the discussion above in this research shows the influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes.This model can be applied at UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School to improve student learning outcomes, especially in theme 2 clean air for health, subtheme 2 the importance of clean air for health.

CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the results of research conducted on class V students at UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School for the 2023/2024 academic year.The data obtained can be concluded that in general the use of the Take and Give learning mode has a great influence on the learning outcomes of class V students at UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School.The increase in learning outcomes can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes which were initially measured before going through the learning process through the average Pretest activity, namely 50.58.After going through the learning process using the Take and Give learning model, another Posttest was given to determine the students' final abilities, the average score increased to 82.88.
Based on hypothesis testing with a significance level = 0.05 and t table of 1.725.Thus, tcount > ttable 15.256 > 1.725, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Take and Give learning model on learning outcomes in Subtheme 2, the importance of clean air for health in class V UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School.So based on the results of the Hypothesis test, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which indicates that there is a significant influence of the Take and Give learning model on learning outcomes in Subtheme 2, the importance of clean air for health in class V UPTD Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School.

FURTHER STUDY
From the research results, it is known that the influence of the Take and Give learning model on student learning outcomes, Subtheme 2 The importance of clean air for health in class V UPTD of Pematang Siantar Pilot Elementary School for the 2023/2024 academic year, so the researchers provide the following suggestions: 1.For students, they can use the Take and Give learning model as a way to develop students' abilities.2. For teachers, they can use the Take and Give learning model in this research as an alternative way of learning to improve student learning outcomes.
Figure 2 Research Design One-Group pretest-posttest Design Information: O1 = Pretest Score (before treatment) X = Treatment given O2 = Posttest value (after treatment)The population in the research were all students at the UPTD of the Pematang Siantar pilot elementary school , and the samples taken by class V students amounted to 2 6 students.This research uses a test instrument in the form of multiple choices with the aim of measuring learning outcomes.Before it is used for data collection, the data testing stage uses validity testing, reliability testing, difficulty level testing, and differentiating data testing.In data analysis, the Normality test, Homogeneity test, and Hypothesis test are used.