The Role of President KH. Abdurrahman Wahid in Restoring the Legal Rights of Confucians in Indonesia: Policy Analysis and Its Impact (1999-2001)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijla.v2i3.2361Keywords:
Discrimination, Policy, Rights RestorationAbstract
This study analyzes the role of President KH. Abdurrahman Wahid in restoring the legal rights of Confucian adherents in Indonesia during the period 1999-2001. During the New Order era, Confucian adherents faced systematic discrimination that impacted various aspects of their lives, including education, civil registration, and freedom of worship. Through policies implemented by Gus Dur, such as the revocation of Presidential Instruction No. 14 of 1967 and the re-recognition of Confucianism as an official religion, this discrimination was successfully ended. The impact of these policies has been profoundly positive, providing freedom of worship, cultural recognition, and the restoration of civil rights for Confucian adherents. These policies also strengthened pluralism and religious tolerance in Indonesia.
References
Ahmad Ainul Taufiq. Regulasi Pemerintah Orde Baru Terhadap Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia (1966-1998). UIN Jakarta Repository.
Barton, G. (2002). Gus Dur: The Authorized Biography of Abdurrahman Wahid. Jakarta: Equinox Publishing.
Budiman, A. (2005). Masyarakat Islam Tionghoa di Indonesia. Semarang: Tanjung Sari.
Coppel, C. A. (2002). Studying ethnic Chinese in Indonesia. Singapore: Singapore Society of Asian Studies.
Dawis, A. (2010). Orang Indonesia Tionghoa mencari identitas. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Fittrya, Laylatul. Tionghoa dalam Diskriminasi Orde Baru Tahun 1967-2000. E-Journal Unesa, Mei 2013.
Gunawan Saidi. Perkembangan Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia Pada Masa Reformasi (1998-2007). UIN Jakarta Repository.
Hadian. (2010). Buku Saku Pembinaan dan Penganut Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI.
Hefner, R. W. (2013). The Politics of Multiculturalism: Pluralism and Citizenship in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Historia Madania. Proses Pengakuan Khonghucu Pada Masa Pemerintahan Abdurrahman Wahid (2000-2001). Journal of History Education, 2018.
Hoon, C. Y. (2012). Identitas Tionghoa pasca-Suharto: Budaya, politik dan media. Jakarta: Yayasan Nabil & LP3ES.
Indarto, W. S. (2010). Selayang Pandang Agama Khonghucu Indonesia Dahulu, Sekarang dan Masa Depannya. Jakarta: MATAKIN.
Ishom, Muhammad. Curhat Pendeta atas Keputusan Gus Dur Melegalkan Khonghucu. NU Online, 2017.
Ismail. (2002). Kebijakan Pemerintahan Abdurrahman Wahid. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. Eksistensi Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia. Moraref Kemenag.
Kompas. Diskriminasi Terhadap Umat Khonghucu pada Masa Orde Baru. Kompas.com, 15 April 2023.
Lindsey, T., & Pausacker, H. (Eds.). (2005). Chinese Indonesians: Remembering, distorting, forgetting. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Mahfud, C. (2013). Manifesto politik Tionghoa di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Majelis Tinggi Agama Khonghucu Indonesia (MATAKIN). Sekilas Sejarah MATAKIN. MATAKIN Official Website.
Maulid, Mustopa. Proses Pengakuan Agama Khonghucu pada Masa Pemerintahan K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. Repository UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, 2020.
Mustajab, A. (2015). Menganalisis Peran Gus Dur dalam Perjuangan Hak Umat Beragama Khonghucu di Indonesia. KRINOK: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah & Sejarah FKIP Universitas Jambi.
Narasi Sejarah. 2020. Dampak Kebijakan Gus Dur Terhadap Eksistensi Agama Khonghucu. NarasiSejarah.id.
Nurhuda, A., & Agesti, Y. Z. (2021). Masa Pemerintahan Abdurrahman Wahid (1999-2001). TARIKHUNA, 3(1), 115-126.
Rasid, F. (2005). Gus Dur dan Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia. Skripsi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
ResearchGate. Abdurrahman Wahid dan Hak Umat Khonghucu di Indonesia Tahun 2000-2001.
ResearchGate, 2023.
Sianturi, C. (n.d.). Kebijakan Abdurrahman Wahid pada masa Reformasi. Roboguru Ruangguru.
Sigalingging, I. (2020). Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Masa Pemerintahan Presiden K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Tahun 1999-2001. Skripsi, Universitas Samudra.
Sulaiman. Agama Khonghucu: Sejarah, Ajaran, dan Keorganisasiannya di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Analisa, Vol. XVI, No. 01, 2009.
Suryadinata, L. (2005). Pemikiran politik etnis Tionghoa Indonesia 1900-2002. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Suryadinata, L. (2005). Pribumi Indonesians, the Chinese Minority and China: A Study of Perceptions and Policies. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Academic.
Suryadinata, L. (2010). Etnis Tionghoa dan nasionalisme Indonesia: Sebuah bunga rampai 1965-2008. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Tan, M. G. (2008). Etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia: Kumpulan tulisan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Taufiq, Ahmad Ainut. Regulasi Pemerintah Orde Baru Terhadap Agama Khonghucu di Indonesia. Repository UIN Jakarta.
UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. (2020). Proses pengakuan agama Khonghucu pada masa pemerintahan Abdurrahman Wahid.
Ushuluddin dan Pemikiran Islam UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Konghucu: Aliran Moral dan Praktik Keagamaan dalam Kehidupan Modern.
Wibowo, I. (2010). Belajar dari Cina: Bagaimana Cina merebut peluang dalam era globalisasi. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Winarta, F. H. (2008). No more discrimination: A commentary on the elimination of constitutional discrimination against Indonesian citizens of foreign ethnic descent. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Afat Afat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
